Zhang Chaoyang, Shu Yuanjie, Huang Yigang, Zhao Xiaodong, Wang Xinfeng, and Dong Haishan
p.191-196
Abstract
For the first time, the population of nitro group is defined as the ability to attract electrons (τ) and a criterion for measuring sensitivity of nitro compounds in this paper. The larger τ is, the less sensitivity will be. The effects of amino groups of different positions and quantity on C-NO2 bonds are studied systematically at B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level. The results indicate that: (1) For amino and nitro substitutes of alkanes, the effects of amino groups on C-NO2 bond are inductive effects and spatial effects, and these effects will be very weak when the amino group and nitro groups are separated by more than 2 carbon atoms. (2) For amino and nitro substitutes of ethylene, amino group on No.1 position weakens C-NO2 bond, on No.2 position strengthens it: the more amino groups, the shorter C-NO2 bond, the stronger electro-negativity on carbon atom of C-NO2 bond, the longer the bond length of C=C, the more τ. That is to say, amino group is a very strong donor of electron and in the whole molecule the configuration effect is very large. (3) For amino and nitro substitutes of 1,3-butadiene, effects on C-NO2 bond occurred by amino groups are kin to orientation effect on benzene ring when hydrogen bonds are not formed by H atoms in amino groups and O atoms in nitro groups; but the effects above will be weakened if hydrogen bonds formed (the stronger hydrogen bonds, the weaker C-NO2 bond).
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