Science and Technology of Energetic Materials Vol.69 (2008) No.2

Vol.69, No.2 (2008)

Research paper

Fertilization of rock areas by blasting with ANFO explosive containing KNO₃
and (NH₄)₂HPO₄ 発破による岩石地帯の施肥効果に関する研究

Katsumi Katoh, Kaname Shirotani, Shiro Kubota, Yuji Wada, Yuji Ogata,
Shuzo Fujiwara, and Mitsuru Arai 加藤勝美，城谷　要，久保田士郎，和田有司，緒方雄二，藤原修三，新井　充

p.59-63

Abstract

Blasting by ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) is considered to convert rock deserts into rich soil areas because it can break up the rocks and diffuse nitrogenous nutritional ions (NH₄+, NO₃-) into the rock fragments. However, various nutritional ions, other than the nitrogenous ones, are required in terms of the fertilization of rock areas. The purpose of this study was to establish a blasting method by using ANFO with fertilizers, KNO₃ and / or (NH₄)₂HPO₄, for diffusing nutritional ions into rock fragments. In this study, the hazard evaluation of the ANFO with KNO₃ and / or (NH₄)₂HPO₄ was conducted with the help of sealed cell differential scanning calorimetry (SC-DSC). Further, the diffusion amount of the nutritional ions and the blasting effect of the ANFO with KNO₃ and (NH₄)₂HPO₄ were investigated with the help of field experiments. The results of the SC-DSC revealed nearly identical decomposition temperatures and decomposition heats for the ANFO alone and the ANFO with KNO₃ and / or (NH₄)₂HPO₄. Thus, it is considered that the ANFO with KNO₃ and / or (NH₄)₂HPO₄ could be treated as similar to the ANFO alone. The results of the field experiments also revealed the presence of NH₄+, K+ and NO₃- in the rock fragments blasted by the ANFO with KNO₃ and (NH₄)₂HPO₄. The content of the nutritional ions in the rock fragments blasted by the ANFO with KNO₃ and (NH₄)₂HPO₄ was more than that ions in the rock fragments blasted by the ANFO alone, and it was approximately equal to that found in natural soil. These results may indicate that blasting by the ANFO with KNO₃ and (NH₄)₂HPO₄ can control the amount of nitrogenous ions diffused into a rock area.

ANFOによる発破は, 破砕後の岩石粒子中に窒素分イオン（NH₄+, NO₃-）を供給することができる。この特徴を利用し，発破後の環境を緑化用地域として活用するには, 粉砕後の岩石に窒素分以外の栄養素を加える必要がある。本研究では,岩石粒子中の栄養素を付加する発破法を確立することを目的として, KNO₃と(NH₄)₂HPO₄を加えたANFOについて, SC-DSCによる危険性評価および施肥効果の実地試験を行った。ANFO単独と肥料成分を混合した系の発熱開始温度および発熱量を比較すると、肥料成分を混合させたANFOの発熱開始温度と発熱量は, ANFO単独の値に近かった。実地試験では, 漏斗孔の底部に残存する細粒からNH₄+, K+, NO₃-が検出された。その量はANFO単独の実験結果および自然土中の含有量よりも多く, 肥料分の添加により栄養素を付加できる可能性が示唆された。

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Keywords

Greening, Desert, ANFO, Fertilization, Blasting method.